{"id":1066,"date":"2021-02-10T05:02:07","date_gmt":"2021-02-10T05:02:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.sakyatradition.org\/?page_id=1066"},"modified":"2022-03-17T20:20:03","modified_gmt":"2022-03-17T20:20:03","slug":"sakya-teachings-overview","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sakyatradition.org\/es\/sakya-teachings-overview\/","title":{"rendered":"The Sakya Order and Its Teachings"},"content":{"rendered":"
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The Tibetan Buddhism School of Sakya and Its Special Qualities<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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What is \u201cSakya\u201d? Sakya literally means grey earth. The town where the school was founded and the school itself are both called \u201cSakya.\u201d The area has a mountain in the shape of an elephant, known as Ponpori Mountain. The mountain is marked by a circle of grey earth, hence the name \u201cSakya.\u201d This area has three special qualities.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Long before the Sakya school was established, Guru Padmasambh\u0101va arrived at Sakya and said, \u201cIn the future there will be a big monastery established here. It will spread the Dharma in all directions and also benefit sentient beings immensely.\u201d He then erected stupas in all four directions and blessed the earth. So, the ground of the Sakya Monastery in Tibet was blessed by Guru Padmasambh\u0101va. This is the first special quality.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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When Palden Ati\u015ba came to Sakya and performed prostrations on the same place where Kh\u00f6n Konchok Gyalpo built the monastery decades later, his attendant inquired why he prostrated and made offerings to an empty land. Ati\u015ba responded by saying, \u201cDon\u2019t you see that on this grey earth there are seven letter syllables of DHI (\u0f51\u0fb7\u0f71\u0f72\u0f7f), one letter syllable of HRIH (\u0f67\u0fb2\u0f71\u0f72\u0f7f), and one syllable of HUM (\u0f67\u0f71\u0f74\u0f83\u0f0b)? That means there will be seven emanations of Ma\u00f1ju\u015br\u012b, the Buddha of Wisdom, an emanation of Avalokite\u015bvara, the Buddha of Compassion, and an emanation of Vajrap\u0101\u1e47i, the Buddha of Power. And in future, there will be many emanations of these three bodhisattvas, who will benefit all sentient beings immensely. This is the reason I was doing the prostrations.\u201d And this is the second special quality.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\tThe founder of the Sakya school, Kh\u00f6n K\u00f6nchok Gyalpo<\/strong><\/a>, had a son named Sachen Kunga Nyingpo<\/strong><\/a>. He started training as a lama and received many teachings since young. \u00a0His tutor advised, \u201cYou are the son of a great lama. You need to study. In order to study, you need wisdom. And to acquire wisdom, you will practice Ma\u00f1ju\u015br\u012b.\u201d Sachen Kunga Nyingpo received the Ma\u00f1ju\u015br\u012b initiation and related teachings and practiced this deity in a retreat. One day, in his pure vision, Sachen saw many rainbows and flowers, and in the midst of them was Ma\u00f1ju\u015br\u012b seated on a throne with his feet touching the ground, and with two bodhisattvas, one on his left and the other on his right side. In his pure vision he saw three Ma\u00f1ju\u015br\u012bs in the sky before him. The central Ma\u00f1ju\u015br\u012b imparted this four-line instruction to him.\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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If you have attachment to this life, you are not a religious person.<\/em><\/h2>

If you have attachment to the realm of existence, you do not have proper renunciation.<\/em><\/h2>

If you have attachment to self-purpose, you do not have bodhicitta, which is the enlightened mind.<\/em><\/h2>

If grasping arises, you do not have the view.<\/em><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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These four lines contain the entire Mah\u0101y\u0101na teachings. He accomplished realizations and taught these lines to his sons. It was written and was passed down up until now in a continuous lineage, as a preliminary teaching for mind training. This instruction is considered to be very authentic and pure mind training teaching, not only by the Sakya school but for all the other schools, too.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Subsequently Sachen received the Lamdr\u00e9 teaching from his guru, Shangton Chobar<\/a><\/strong>. \u201cLam\u201d means path, \u201cdr\u00e9\u201d means result; and \u201cLamdr\u00e9\u201d means the base, path, and result, all together\u2014they are not separate. If they are separate, then that means they are not proper to be accomplished. They have to be together; they have to be linked. He received the complete Lamdr\u00e9 from his guru for many years. Upon completion, the guru imparted this advice, \u201cFor eighteen years you should not give this teaching to anyone, and do not even mention its name. After eighteen years, you may either teach to others or write it down. You can do whatever to it as you are the owner of the teaching.\u201d Before this, Lamdr\u00e9 had been an oral teaching only\u2014there was no text. Therefore, Sachen spent eighteen years in practice. However, one time, he fell ill and had to take very strong medicine. The strong medication resulted in him forgetting many of the Lamdr\u00e9 teaching. He felt very sad and was desperate since his guru was no longer alive and there were no other Dharma siblings, he could discuss this with. It was difficult to go to India, moreover the teaching was kept so secret that it was not easy to find, even if he were to journey to India.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Sachen prayed fervently to his guru and the teaching was revived\u2014he started remembering the teachings. He prayed again and again, and his guru appeared as if in person to bestow the teachings to him. In this way he managed to remember most of the teachings. He continued praying and then one day Mah\u0101siddha Vir\u016bpa appeared. Mah\u0101siddha Vir\u016bpa was the abbot of N\u0101land\u0101 and later became a mah\u0101siddha. He is the original guru of Lamdr\u00e9. The Lamdr\u00e9 lineage has five Indian gurus, and Mah\u0101siddha Vir\u016bpa is the first lineage guru of the Lamdr\u00e9 teaching. The first five lineage gurus of Lamdr\u00e9 are five Indian gurus, followed by several Tibetan translators. Vir\u016bpa appeared at Sakya. He was leaning toward the circle of grey earth and the whole valley was covered with his body, Vir\u016bpa announced, \u201cThis earth belongs to me!\u201d This is the third special quality.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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The Five Sakya Patriarchs<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\"fiveThe Sakya Monastery was first established in 1073 by Kh\u00f6n K\u00f6nchok Gyalpo. His son, Sachen Kunga Nyingpo widely known as the first Sakya patriarch as mentioned earlier, received the “Parting from the Four Attachment” teaching directly from Ma\u00f1ju\u015br\u012b and the Lamdr\u00e9 teaching as well as many other teachings within the one-month period from Mah\u0101siddha Vir\u016bpa. Lama Sakyapa had four sons. The first son, Kungabar, went to India to study and passed away there. His second son was Lop\u00f6n S\u00f6nam Tsemo, known as the second Sakya patriarch. He was a very great scholar, whose fame reached even as far as the Ganges River. S\u00f6nam Tsemo wrote many books, on s\u016btray\u0101na as well as mantray\u0101na, and many books on ritual. The third son was Jets\u00fcn Dragpa Gyaltsen, the third Sakya patriarch. He was a very good master, especially for Lamdr\u00e9 teachings. In terms of Lamdr\u00e9 teaching, he is the most important master because, as Lamdr\u00e9 is a pith instruction, Lamdr\u00e9 has many hidden words and thus needs many detailed explanations. Jets\u00fcn Dragpa Gyaltsen was good in explaining these teachings and the real owner of all the secret teachings.<\/p>

The fourth son was Palchen Opo. Palchen Opo\u2019s son is Sakya Pa\u1e47\u1e0dita, the fourth Sakya patriarch, who is very well known and was the first Tibetan to receive the full Pa\u1e47\u1e0dita title. He also wrote many treatises and commentaries, especially on Buddhist logic. There are many Indian books translated from Sanskrit to Tibetan language. However, only Sakya Pa\u1e47\u1e0dita\u2019s books, especially on Buddhist logic, among all the books authored by other Tibetan masters, were translated back into Sanskrit. This is because Sakya Pa\u1e47\u1e0dita\u2019s books were so complete and authentic.<\/p>

Sakya Pa\u1e47\u1e0dita\u2019s younger brother, Zangsta S\u00f6nam Gyaltsen, had two sons: Drog\u00f6n Ch\u00f6gyal Phagpa, the fifth Sakya patriarch, and Drog\u00f6n Chakna Dorj\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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During the Mongol Empire, Sakya Pa\u1e47\u1e0dita and Ch\u00f6gyal Phagpa were invited to Mainland China by the Mongol emperors. That was the first time Vajray\u0101na teachings were spread into Mainland China and the Mongolian region. Both Sakya Pa\u1e47\u1e0dita and his nephew Drog\u00f6n Ch\u00f6gyal Phagpa eventually became the royal priests of the Mongol emperors. Vajray\u0101na Ch\u00f6gyal Phagpa also became the ruler of Tibet because the emperor gave all three provinces to Ch\u00f6gyal Phagpa as an offering. Thus, he became the first lama king in Tibet.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Moreover, Drog\u00f6n Ch\u00f6gyal Phagpa was the one who composed the Mongolian script.<\/p>

These five great masters are widely known as the five Sakya patriarchs: Sachen Kunga Nyingo<\/a>, Lop\u00f6n S\u00f6nam Tsemo<\/a>, Jets\u00fcn Dragpa Gyaltsen<\/a>, Sakya Pandita<\/a>, <\/strong>and Ch\u00f6gyal Phagpa<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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To read more about these five Sakya patriarchs, visit our Biography E-Library<\/a><\/strong><\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Lamdr\u00e9 and Other Sakya Teachings<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Lamdr\u00e9<\/b><\/p>

The main and most important Sakya teaching is Lamdr\u00e9.\u00a0<\/p>

\"\"Lamdr\u00e9 is taught through the four authenticities: authentic teachers, authentic Buddha\u2019s words (sermons), authentic commentaries and teachings, and authentic experience. Lamdr\u00e9 is taught with these four authenticities, and the main sequence of how you receive teachings from your teacher, then spend time in your own study, contemplation, and meditation, are the same, although other aspects\u2014such as how it was originated, how it was translated, and how you practice\u2014may be different. Through meditation, you gain special experience. When you gain special experience, you are convinced that your teacher is authentic. Because if your teacher is not authentic, you cannot have such wonderful experiences. You then establish that your teacher is authentic. The teaching he or she bestows is also authentic because the commentary is given by Mah\u0101siddha Vir\u016bpa and ancient masters. Therefore, you are convinced that it is authentic. That is also based on the Buddha\u2019s words; hence it is also authentic.<\/p>

So, first, through gaining authentic experience by yourself, you can establish that your guru, the teaching, and the Buddha\u2019s words are all authentic. In this way, the four authenticities are established.<\/p>

Whatever religious belief you choose, you choose it yourself, and then you practice. Once you start your practice, you should not jump here and there. You have to continue until you are accomplished and until you gain experience. As you gain experience, then you will gain more and more aspiration and inspiration to practice more.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Other Sakya Teachings
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Buddhism arrived from India to Tibet, hence the teachings had to come through the translators. Teachings that came from the translators are considered very pure and authentic. The Sakya teachings mainly came from the four great translators: Bari Lots\u0101wa, Drokmi Lots\u0101wa, Mal Lots\u0101wa, and Lots\u0101wa Rinchen Sangpo.<\/p>

Some of the teachings are as follows:<\/p>

  1. The cycle of Hevajra in the lineage of Drokmi Lots\u0101wa<\/li>
  2. The cycle of Cakrasa\u1e43vara in the lineage of Mal Lots\u0101wa<\/li>
  3. The yoga cycles and instructions of the Dharma cycles in the lineage passed on to Dragtengpa and Mal Lots\u0101wa from Lots\u0101wa Rinchen Sangpo<\/li>
  4. The Hundred S\u0101dhan\u0101s in the lineage of Bari Lots\u0101wa<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Thirteen Gold Dharma
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    There are also the renowned Thirteen Golden Dharmas (the three Khecara Vajrayogin\u012bs, the three major red cycles–Kurukulle, Ga\u1e47apati, and Takkiraja, the minor red cycles–Kurukulle, Red Vasudh\u0101r\u0101, and Tinuma, and Si\u1e43hamukh\u0101, Black Ma\u00f1ju\u015br\u012b, Garuda, and Red Jambhala.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    \n\t\t\t\tFurther Reading:<\/em><\/span>\n